Final thoughts and outlook of 2023

 My previous posts overview African water and food scarcity in 2022. I decided to conclude my blogging with my outlook on water and food for 2023.


My posts include a wide range of topics, from Africa's water and food situation in 2022 to the discussions on COP27 and the management of water supplies. The cases each provide a unique insight into the complexity of Africa's water and food crisis. COP27 needs to be more practical; as I argued from Africa's perspective, the November COP27 climate meeting in Egypt achieved little to consolidate global pledges to action. Attention will turn to COP28 in the UAE later in 2023.


From discussions of water supply management in sub-Saharan African countries, the main takeaway is each country, community, or region has its own suitable approaches. There is no best combination of institutions as solutions for water management. Beyond that, the primary responsibility is held by each government.


If I want to wrap up everything in my blog in one sentence, I would say developed countries should be more practical in the upcoming COP28, and African governments themselves should be taking the most duty for effective water and food management projects. Overall, I hope this blog helped to understand the complexities of water and food issues from Africa's perspective. 

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